Your recalc screen is an 'up to the minute' update of what your reputation score is. When you click on the link, splines are reticulated, scores are recalculated, and poof.
In fact, if you click on that trigger recalc
button, I'd wager that your profile score would start to match that score.
As far as your careers score, I don't have an answer to that except to guess that it is either de-normalized (and would be updated after a recalc, since hopefully that updates other tables?) or the reputation fairy just hasn't gotten to that service yet. I'm guessing the former, though with the abudance of unicorns present in the datacenter, fairies are not out of the question either.