difference between “score” and “upvotes”

Question

As a simple matter of curiosity, I was reading the description of the "Nice Answer" and "Enlightened" badges. The descriptions are:

Question score of 10 or more

and

First to answer and accepted with at least 10 upvotes

A recent experience with a question that got 10 upvotes and 1 downvote has led me to believe that "score" and "upvotes" are actually the same thing (upvotes - downvotes). My question got 10 votes and was awarded "Nice Answer" almost immediately. Then it was downvoted and I didn't get "Enlightened" until a day later (seemingly after it picked up another upvote for a total of 11 upvotes and 1 downvote -- The answer had been accepted previously as well, so I don't think that had anything to do with it).

Here's what I think happened:

1. Answer Accepted
2. I got vote #10
3. Awarded "Nice Answer" because it is calculated more frequently than Enlightened
4. Received downvote, "Nice Answer" persisted because SO doesn't take away badges
5. Downvote, now "score" = 9
6. No Enlightened because it actually looks at "score", not "upvotes" as documented
7. Upvote (score = 10)
8. Enlightented badge awarded

To be clear, I'm aware that SO doesn't take away badges after you've earned them. The question here is more about the documentation on the "Enlightened" badge.

EDIT

As pointed out by S.L. Barth, the list of all badges says "score" for "Enlightened", not "upvotes" as the page I had originally linked. Apparently there is a documentation discrepancy here.

Answer 1

score = upvotes - downvotes.

If you get a badge based upon your score, and your score falls below the threshold (10, 25 or 100, depending on the badge), the badge will not go away. You get to keep it, and the next time one of your posts hit that threshold, the badge will be assigned to that post.