I don't see hiding the votes until after someone has cast a vote valuable. What if I don't want to vote on the question, but would like to see what the highest voted response was? Or I reach my vote cap for the day and now I can't see what the highest voted answer?
From a development aspect I can see a lot going wrong changes the site to support this, since one of the major features of the site is the voting, and it determines a lot of aspects of the display. For example, a question with more then 5 downvotes no longer shows in the active list, yet people will have no idea why it is not there until they vote on it.
Someone may be learning a technology, have no idea what is the right answer, but uses the highest voted answer or question to determine what the right approach is to do something. I will admit, I don't always upvote an answer if I find it via Google for example, since it may answer my question, but may not be the solution I needed.
Based on Edit
Honestly, as much as all these suggestions are promising, it really is making the system overly complex. The ideal is simple, ask a question, provide an answer, vote on either if you like them or not. As much as all the other bells and whistles sound good, the overall usability of the site should be the first consideration. I can't imagine using the site with all these additional rules around voting. It just makes the whole concept to cumbersome. The way it works right now is why it has been so successful.
I sometimes do drive by voting. I read the question, read the answers, vote for the one's I like and move on. If I happen to see a particularly bad answer, I downvote. If I see that someone has a good answer, and getting an opvote might earn him or her a badge, or even up their reputation enough to give them additional functionality on the site, I might even look at their profile and vote on a correct answer that will gain them the required reputation. Hiding the votes defeats that objective completely.