You can get the notice to reappear by voting to close your own question as a duplicate, or by casting a recommend closure flag if you have less than 250 reputation. Alternatively, you can simply wait for another close vote or close flag by someone else.
If you already voted or flagged to close your question before editing it, you can't get the notice to show again on your own question yourself: you have to wait for someone else's close vote or flag.
Voting (not flagging) to close your question before approving the votes has two other utilities: first, if you believe it to be a duplicate of a different target, you can vote to close it as a duplicate of that other target, and then approve the votes, so that both targets show once the question is closed; second, your name will be mentioned as one of the close voters in addition to the Community user.