As far as I have observed, after posting a question, the post is not publicly visible for like 3-6 mins or maybe less. After that, the question shows up.
However, the question is visible to those who have opened one of the tag tagged in the question (looking at Newest '{tag}' questions) for a long period of time. The question shows up in the queue on clicking 'question with a new activity'. But if we refresh the page, it will be no longer in the queue, unless the page is refreshed in a few seconds after the appearance of the question in the queue. That question will appear in the queue some min later and it'll be publicly visible.
Moreover, I have also felt it happening on my own questions. Whenever I posted a question, I almost don't get any reply and there is no effect on the views, but after a few mins, there is wave of notifications.
What is the reason behind all this? Why does a new question post sometime not show up immediately on posting?