There are two primary sources of reputation change from a reputation recalc: user deletions and post deletions. Their reversals also will cause changes. Due to how they are handled, there are difficulties in narrowing down the source of reputation change for any given recalc incident. I wouldn't hold out for the availability of getting this kind of breakdown, at least not in any time soon.
User Deletions
When a user is deleted, all of their votes are deleted. So anyone whose posts that they voted, up or down, will lose the reputation change from their votes.
Knowing whose deletions affect your reputation is, well, knowing who is upvoting or downvoting your posts. This is private information, ♦ moderators don't even get access to complete knowledge (we can only see volume-based trends, not specifically which posts).
In effect, the only way to track this is the same way that you try to track when people withdraw their votes or acceptances. Unless you've keenly memorized your vote tables, it's not an easy task. Thankfully, these are rarer as far as causes of reputation change are concerned.
Post Deletions
When a post is deleted, any reputation effects from it are lost. This includes the -1 cost to downvote someone else's post, you'll get it back post-recalc. Migrated posts also fall under this, since their content gets deleted. The audit tracks neither your displayed reputation nor the date of deletions, so it doesn't have a reference point to give this information itself. This is, once again, similar to when a vote or acceptance is withdrawn, it is treated as if the event never happened, not that it was reverted.
Diago explains that ♦ moderators can see all of the deleted posts of a user. There are also a few requests on Meta for allowing the user to see their own stuff on their own profile, but this has not been implemented. This helps a lot towards finding it, though it can be a lot to sift through if you have a lot of contributions.
Knowing deleted content is only half the battle, though. All that tells you is the total impact you are missing out on. To know the specifics for a particular recalc requires knowing when the last recalc was and consequently not just what posts were deleted since then but also any posts that may have been undeleted. The reputation audit doesn't track that kind of stuff. And since it is not limitted to only your own posts, well, it gets a little messy to try and track all of that.
