I personally think downvoting (and even the ban) is meant to helpful to new users. The reason I say this is because there is a reputation limit (1) that they can achieve. This means that they receive the downvotes without too much penalty, which should send a warning to the users that the question/answer is of low quality.
If the problem persists, the ban is placed until conditions are meant. As seen here: What can I do when getting "We are no longer accepting questions/answers from this account"?What can I do when getting "We are no longer accepting questions/answers from this account"?
the ban is until people improve the quality of existing posts and post good-quality answers. Keep in mind this applies to Stack Overflow (and other non-meta SE sites). In Meta, downvotes can be received if people disagree with your ideas.