There is no way to see which badges I've earned multiple times — they all appear with a green checkmark. It would be nice to show something like "x4" like in the badges section of the user profile page.
The badges section of your user profile (at the bottom) will show you how often you've gotten a badge.
For example I have
"Nice Answer" x 28
Regarding the look of the badges site. I think it would be much nicer if they would group the badges by type (gold, silver, bronze) and show visually what badge can or cant be awarded multiple times.