Let's start with your first remark
again to my surprise all of my comments are deleted without my permission.
Just to be clear, no permission whatsoever is needed to delete your comments. Comments are meant to clarify the content above it, and can be deleted at any time, for any reason. They are not guaranteed at all to stick around. See How do comments work?
we should not have the privilege of deleting the question for who knows, after sometime there may come new visitors who will upvote the question more, so by deleting it you are preventing the self correcting mechanism of society.
Content can perhaps gain traction after some time. So the first downvote or negative response should not be a reason for deletion. But there is plenty of content that doesn't need to stick around ad infinitum in the hope that it magically gets upvotes later on. Content can be bad, complete off-topic, insulting or simply not a fit for the site. There's plenty of room for improvement, even after deletion, to get your post back up again, so deletion is not an issue. Now if you take issue with the motivation for the deletion of your particular question, that's something to take up with the site-specific Meta. Or if you fell victim to automatic deletion, and you don't understand the downvotes you got, again, discuss it on the Meta. But overall deletion is not a problem.
why are we removing every reference of the question, almost obsessively, from the website
Why should we keep it around. Most users won't be able to visit it anyway. Only high-rep users could. The community has deemed it's not good/appropriate content, so why explicitly keep a path to it around? And you can still find it within your recently deleted questions.
Thirdly, I can't ask any question
See What can I do when getting "We are no longer accepting questions/answers from this account"? You won't get banned for a single poorly received question, so there must be more to it. But that's something to take up with the moderators in your community, via the message you will have received informing you of your ban.
In summary, there is no problem with deletion, your permission is not required, and if you feel your content was deleted for the wrong reasons, you should take it up with your community.