Disclaimer: I understand that down-voting (social discord) is an important part of community building. Communal negative messages help to deter behavior destructive to the group. Down voting places warning sign in the road for new travelers (don't tread here) and to temper overexcitement.
Rant: We techies are a hazing culture. We invest countless hours mastering languages, algorithms and nuances. We accomplish great things. We rub it in people's faces to feel superior. We feel good becoming an "expert". We feel good when we master lambdas or create a great search algorithm.
Admit it, even the humblest among us feels warm and fuzzy when someone marvels at our work. It's validation. And it's not a bad thing.
But the joy of accomplishment has a darker sibling: PRIDE
It's part of what drives us so hard. It's part of every negative decision we make. And it's often at someone's expense!
Looking through posts on Stack Overflow, I see many answers with negative ranking. Many questions get negative rankings too. Many of these questions are repeats of ones asked in the past. The user could have done a more thorough job googling and probably deserves a mild slap.
But some questions are interesting and well thought out. New users usually aren't familiar with the thorough and serious natures of experts who frequent the forums. Some useful and interesting thoughts could be refined with a little help. Instead they're insulted and leave.
This spree of "reckless down-voting" may be hurting our "community"
In searching for my own name, I went through 10 pages of users with similar names and found most had rankings of 1. This means they never did so much as except an answer (automatic +2). Many of them just wanted their answers and no interest in community.
But I wonder about the many users who got "Geek-hazed". I wonder how many "Noob"s were scared away by unnecessary down-voting?
As of this writing I have a "rep" of 75. Barely noticeable compared to the super-users with rep above 32,000. But so much higher than most users ever get. My low score reflects some serious attempts to ask and answer worthwhile questions. But it's only a month of "real participation".
According to this article (from 2009) http://www.johndcook.com/blog/2009/03/02/stackoverflow-reputation-statistics/ what I witnessed in non-participation is nothing new.
Good reasons for downvoting
1) Person didn't even try to figure out answer by coding or serious googling.
Example: How do I validate user input on the client level?
2) Vague question; No code, No error msg
Example: Every time I run my application I get an error
Constructive alternatives to downvoting
1) A clearly new user didn't give code samples but described his error and error messages
Action: Suggest the user elaborate and include relevant code samples.
2) An answer is correct but vague. No examples, not enough detail. Maybe even sloppy English.
Action: Suggest the user elaborate and include relevant code samples.
Question: Do you think gratuitous down-voting hurts participation in our "community"?